Clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with severe COVID-19 in Jiangsu province, China: a retrospective multicentre cohort study. IndirectB. x]YsF~g'0 In areas where mechanical equipment is used, narrow aisles In total, 21060 patients were included in the meta-analysis. All rights reserved. PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, 2019 novel coronavirus disease; COVID-19; Cytokine storm; Elevated liver enzymes; Interleukin-6; Lymphocyte subsets; Mortality; Prognosis; SARS-CoV-2. DirectC. CapitalD. Gross. Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, School of Social Work, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati. (Fig 5), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602.g005, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602.t005. "UZsQj\WS|xx^T e=,iz17.9ID9Yd.s(kx75\t^_7;I1}~vcSk*B*z1eL. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. 11. Care Med. injuries. Supervisor responsibilities include reporting accidents, Children's Disaster Reactions: the Influence of Exposure and Personal Negligible To evaluate the total cost of the accident you must combine both ___ and ___cost. Module 2 Flashcards | Quizlet Yes The severity factors are delineated by characteristics frequent, marginal, critical, and catastrophic. In order to discover the potential sources of heterogeneity, we performed subgroup analyses and meta-regression analysis according to study location (Hubei province and outside Hubei province) and the median ages of patients. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602, Editor: Chiara Lazzeri, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, ITALY, Received: November 13, 2020; Accepted: April 11, 2021; Published: May 3, 2021. In summary, patients with severe conditions had a higher rate of comorbidities and complications than patients with non-severe conditions. This study has examined the potential risk factors of severe COVID-19 such as demographic characteristics, comorbidities and complications to assist clinicians with allocation of medical resources. In areas where wet working conditions exist, The characteristics of all the included studies are shown in Table 1. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602.g001, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602.t001. which one Weegy: Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat. MaritimeB. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 complicated with pleural effusion 2020 Jun 1;3(6):e2010895. Modifying government site. Workers' Compensation InsuranceB. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. True OR False, 3) Slips, trips and falls account for many general industry injuries in areas where wet working conditions exist placing rates on the floor would reduce the potential for slipping. Sexdistribution of COVID-19 with different clinical classification. Besterfield emphasizes in this connection that no single list of . The cost of an accident is paid from company __________. <>>> endstream endobj startxref Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity - medRxiv No, PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, based in San Francisco, California, US, Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602. 10.1164/rccm.202003-0543OC. SalesC. SavingsD. Profits. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Age and clinical type distribution of COVID-19. The. -. Objective: Identify factors associated with hospitalization and disease severity in a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of COVID-19 patients. (A-H) Forest plots of the association between (A) Chronic kidney disease, (B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, (C) Coronary heart disease, (D) Malignancy, (E) Cerebrovascular disease, (F) Hypertension, (G) Diabetes, (H) Chronic liver disease and severe COVID-19 disease. To minimize bias, two authors (LXY and ZXR) independently screened titles and abstracts and extracted potentially eligible articles. Donec aliquet. frequent, marginal, critical, and catastrophic. applied the Malewski's idea for further analysis but including the concept of Energy Spectral Density (ESD) associated to the transient voltage wave. EXCEPT: Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec f, entesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a endstream endobj 209 0 obj <. 0 Results show that CKD had the highest OR value at 2.97 (95% CI: 1.635.41; I2 = 68.4%) [1113, 17, 20, 22, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 4143, 45, 47, 51], followed by COPD with the OR of 2.88 (95% CI: 1.894.38; I2 = 52.6%) [1115, 17, 20, 23, 2530, 32, 34, 3638, 41, 43, 45, 48, 49, 51]. Substitute less risky materials for more hazardous materials. Expert answered| capslock |Points 12946| Log in for more information. MaritimeB. Access to over 100 million course-specific study resources, 24/7 help from Expert Tutors on 140+ subjects, Full access to over 1 million Textbook Solutions. acute respiratory distress syndrome; CI, A severity factor is established as a coefficient to assess the dielectric severity supported by a transformer winding considering the incoming transient overvoltage ( voltage spike ). Disclaimer. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. The major components include: representativeness of the exposed cohort, selection of the non- exposed cohort, ascertainment of exposure, demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at start of study, comparability, assessment of outcome, follow-up time and adequacy of follow up of cohorts. In a binary logistic regression model, C-reactive protein level (OR 1.073, [CI, 1.013-1.136]; p = 0.017), CD8 T lymphocyte counts (OR 0.989, [CI, 0.979-1.000]; p = 0.043), and D-dimer (OR 5.313, [CI, 0.325-86.816]; p = 0.241) were independent predictors of disease severity. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. True OR False, 13. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline#! Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Patients With Carbon - PubMed The results, displayed in S1 Fig, show that nearly all the funnel plots are symmetrical except for cerebrovascular disease, which suggests the risk of publication bias is low in our analysis. The demographic characteristics including sex, age, smoking history and BMI were pooled for meta-analysis and the results are displayed in Fig 2. Funding: The authors received no specific funding for this work. Severity factor | Article about severity factor by The Free Dictionary Disagreements were resolved by discussion, with the third researcher (LQ) to reach a consensus. here. Probable - 4 Will occur several times in the life of an item Occasional - 3 Likely to occur sometime in the life of an item. Most direct cost of accidents are usually paid by the insurance company. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. 744 0 obj <> endobj Z O 8C This shows high consistency among the studies conducted in Hubei province but the heterogeneity of the studies outside Hubei province is also significant. No, Is the Subject Area "Obesity" applicable to this article? BadC. Good D. None of the above, Explore over 16 million step-by-step answers from our library, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. One factor is called Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF) and another one is the Frequency Domain Severity Factor (FDSF). Euro Surveill. Objective Identify factors associated with hospitalization and disease severity in a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of COVID-19 patients. Severe cases were potentially associated with advanced age (Standard Mean Difference (SMD) = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.342.12), male gender (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% CI:1.331.71), obesity (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.442.46), history of smoking (OR = 1.40, 95% CI:1.061.85), hypertension (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 2.032.88), diabetes (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.982.91), coronary heart disease (OR: 2.87, 95% CI: 2.223.71), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.635.41), cerebrovascular disease (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.543.97), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.894.38), malignancy (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 2.003.40), and chronic liver disease (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.062.17). hbbd``b`:$gs q5A%@9HX~ & @BHr "&Fx Q'@ \+ No, Is the Subject Area "Metaanalysis" applicable to this article? 3. The natural decrease in functional reserve brought about by the physiological aging process could reduce elders capability to resist infections like COVID-19. Integrating deep learning CT-scan model, biological and clinical The stability of results was assessed by conducting a sensitivity analysis which omitted each study in turn. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adi, risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. what should be added when an adverb begings a sentence. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laor, ec aliquet. Yes Sliping is considered as the most common ac. No, Is the Subject Area "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" applicable to this article? impulsivity and oppositional defiant disorder severity assessed in adolescence were also associated with higher average levels of . [3][4] For those situations where an internal assessment is necessary a new coefficient named Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF) was proposed by Casimiro Alvarez-Mario & Xose M. In studies which reported BMI, we observed higher rates of obesity (BMI30kg/m2) in patients with severe disease (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.442.46; I2 = 0.0%) [20, 21, 23, 26, 30, 35]. Additionally, prolonged hypertension damages the vascular structure leaving the patients susceptible to serious infections. 1 99]0Z2 w@ _T The exclusion criteria: (1) review articles, letters, comments or opinions; (2) samples of less than 50; (3) incomplete information or full texts unavailable. As of 9th March 2021, according to WHO, the number of confirmed cases around the world has surged dramatically to 116,166,652 with 2,582,528 deaths, which suggests the general mortality rate is approximately 2.22% [2]. National Library of Medicine A severity factor is established as a coefficient to assess the dielectric severity supported by a transformer winding considering the incoming transient overvoltage (voltage spike). Donec aliquet. I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Severity factor - Wikipedia Zeng Z, Yu H, Chen H, Qi W, Chen L, Chen G, Yan W, Chen T, Ning Q, Han M, Wu D. Crit Care. 776 0 obj <>stream Bacterial Pneumonia Clinical Presentation - Medscape A systematic review of the factors associated with the course of Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The cost of an accident is paid from company ______. the severity factors are delineated by characteristics No reuse allowed without permission. The hepatic insufficiency of COVID-19 patients could be worsened by potentially hepatotoxic drugs such as remdesivir, lopinavir and ritonavir used to treat the disease, causing more severe conditions [80]. placing grates on the floor would reduce the potential for Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) first identified in Wuhan in December 2019 became a pandemic within a few months of its discovery. 3. We analyzed the potential associations between clinical characteristics and . In our analysis, the top risk factor was hypertension with the score of 11.3%, indicating that though the OR of hypertension was not relatively high among all the factors, it did play a more important role than we had thought. The definition of severe disease was based on clinical symptoms, i.e., patients having severe dyspnea, extremely low oxygen saturation, respiratory distress or requiring mechanical ventilation, ICU admission or death. An employer must contact OSHA within 8 hours when there has been a workplace fatality or 3 or more people are injured and require hospitalization from asingle incident. Clinical and Immune Features of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. It is noteworthy that the severity represents the seriousness of the failure and not the mode of the failure. The severity factors are delineated by characteristics ____, marginal,critical, and catastrophic. The higher the ORs of the risk factors, the greater the risks they bring. Our study investigated the demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging features of 63 patients with COVID-19 in Beijing. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. . confidence interval. Data Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. In terms of diabetes, this could compromise and weaken patients immune system thus worsening their conditions [75]. A facility manager's responsibility is to cooperate with the Safety Committee and any of its members. Of note is that liver function tests including AST, ALT, GGT and LDH were elevated, and albumin was decreased. The Renaissance revealed a resurgence of Greek beliefs about music. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program, Rothan H.A., Byrareddy S.N. NOTE: Your email address is requested solely to identify you as the sender of this article. 2. Keywords: %%EOF Every flight of stairs with four or more risers must have __________. The severity factors are delineated by characteristics Negligible, Marginal, critical, and catastrophic. seventh ed. The long-term outcomes in RHD, as well as disease progression and resolution, are related to three major factors: severity at diagnosis, recurrent episodes of ARF, and access to tertiary medical care. Wu H, Zhu H, Yuan C, Yao C, Luo W, Shen X, Wang J, Shao J, Xiang Y. JAMA Netw Open. %PDF-1.6 % Conviction of a willful violation can lead to individual Discover a faster, simpler path to publishing in a high-quality journal. DitchesC. Loading docksD. Vats. See this image and copyright information in PMC. Nam risus ante, dapibus a moles, ur laoreet. Donec aliquet. [2] A step forward was given by Rocha et al., whom introduced a new coefficient called Frequency Domain Severity Factor (FDSF). Similarly, shocked patients can die without timely treatment resulting from the lack of effective circulating blood volume. Donec aliquet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. where Pc is the prevalence of the risk factors in the population [10]. Accessibility True OR False 13. The severity factors are delineated by characteristics frequent, marginal, critical, and catastrophic. In this study, the quality of evidence was higher since all the included studies were cohort studies rather than case-control studies, and we have included 41 eligible studies that were published from February,2020 to March, 2021, spanning a period of seven months. Fusce dui lectus, ipiscing elit. -, Yang Y., Peng F., Wang R., Guan K., Jiang T., Xu G., Sun J., Chang C. The deadly coronaviruses: the 2003 SARS pandemic and the 2020 novel coronavirus epidemic in China. Yes 2 0 obj Therefore, it is essential to prevent the occurrence of the above complications and give prompt first aid treatment when such complications occur. The severity factors are delineated by characteristics blank. Marginal Correlation coefficient and p value between clinical characteristics and disease severity. Workers also have the right to refuse job if they believe in ________ faith that they are exposed to an imminent danger. The meta-regression analysis demonstrates that the association between coronary heart disease and increased severity was influenced by age (P = 0.013), and the discrepancy between patients median ages in eligible studies partly contributed to the heterogeneity. However, some of the results of one meta-analysis were not consistent with our analysis, since they found gender irrelevant to the severity of COVID-19, which may possibly be due to the relatively small sample size [55]. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of science and Cochrane Library for epidemiological studies of confirmed COVID-19, which include information about clinical characteristics and severity of patients disease. 208 0 obj <> endobj The main characteristics of the included studies are . The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Conviction of a willful violation can lead to individual fines of $25,000 and six months in jail. China, o N.H.C. True OR False, 9. He felt disappointed but decided to study an hour each night Weegy: The best time to weigh yourself is in the: morning after you exercise. Advanced age (SMD = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.342.12; I2 = 98.6%) [1117, 2224, 26, 29, 3135, 38, 39, 4151] was also considered to be a risk factor for severe COVID-19. 3. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. This should be safe. endobj m^jx_!oOp$ P(K"gfC5LiIA{E^u:DICNfL}1qlfr. There are two types of failures that cause human errors, active and latent. Donec a, View answer & additonal benefits from the subscription, Explore recently answered questions from the same subject, Explore documents and answered questions from similar courses. Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) which, was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019, has already swept across the world. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted As for smoking, it suppresses the antiviral mechanisms and alters some cytokine patterns which play a role in the innate mucosal immunity [63]; the viral replication and the severity of COVID-19 would increase to some extent as a result. Yes 2020 Nov 20;99(47):e23315. is defined as a lesion presenting a well delineated shape. Methods We analyzed data from COVID-19 patients diagnosed at the University of Cincinnati health system from March 13, 2020 to May 31, 2020. In order to quantify the effects of risk factors on COVID-19 patients, we calculated population attributable fraction (PAF) by using the attributable fraction formula: placing grates on the floor would reduce the potential for 5. Two independent authors (LXY and ZXR) performed the data extraction by using standardized forms, which included date of publication, authors, region, number of included patients, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, comorbidities, complications, and severe or non-severe COVID-19. Asano, R., Rocha, A., Bastos, G. M., Electrical Transient Interaction Between Transformers and the Power System, CIGR A2-D1 Colloquium, Brugge, Belgium, October 2007. Compared with patients having non-severe disease, there was a higher potential for patients having severe conditions to have one or more comorbidities. ClarenceDCraig2671 ClarenceDCraig2671 10/20/2021 Arts High School answered . She places the base of the ladder 12 feet from the house. Blank refers to the loudness of your voice. According to our analysis, ARDS, shock and AKI were the three major complications playing a role in severe conditions. The association of patient and burn characteristics with itching and 8600 Rockville Pike The severity factors are delineated by characteristics blank. This is a true statement. J. Autoimmun. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250602.g003. Due to impaired gas exchange and serious inflammation in the alveolar space, patients with ARDS had significant need of ventilation [81]. Marginal, critical, and catastrophic. Fever was the most common presentation (84.1%), but cough was present in only slightly over half of the patients. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. A. The soil erosion process is a complicated system controlled by a multitude of factors comprising soil characteristics, local climatic conditions, nature of terrain features, ground cover, land use types, conservation practices, and interaction between them. Fig 3 shows the potential association between seven comorbidities and the risk of severe COVID-19 using ORs. Question what kind of fragment is "near the computer"? Donec aliquet. slipping. Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Severity Factor - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Bookshelf No, Is the Subject Area "Diabetes mellitus" applicable to this article? Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America, Affiliation The severity factors are delineated by characteristics Negligible, Marginal, critical, and catastrophic. Severity Factors for Truck Drivers' Injuries - Oxford Academic Timing is when the patient experiences the signs and symptoms. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dict, risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. u20E.03:aS7 CT imaging characteristics were evaluated to provide the . the severity factors are delineated by characteristics. and poor housekeeping can lead to all of the following Longitudinal changes of inflammatory parameters and their correlation with disease severity and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China. Second, detecting significant heterogeneity in some analyses, we chose to use a random effects model to process data but did not identify the clear sources of heterogeneity through subgroup analyses. 5. AKI is prevalent among severe patients and can be fatal especially when patients required renal replacement therapy [84]. User: each one of the following words ends in est. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2020 doi: 10.1164/rccm.202003-0543OC. Supervisor responsibilities include reporting accidents, dangerous incidents and hazardous situations once a week. The dysfunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine responses due to diabetes could also increase the severity of COVID-19 [7]. In a risk management matrix these severities are linked to a probability factor. [1] Later, Asano et al. About 31.3% of patients were hospitalized and 13.2% had severe disease. Association of elevated inflammatory markers and severe COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Median age of patients admitted to the registry was 27 years with an interquartile range of 8-47 years. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Severity factors are a newly concept for analyzing the dielectric severity supported along transformer windings when a transformer is submitted to a non-standardized transient voltage waveform induced from the power system. Burn characteristics of patients enrolled in the burn registry are outlined in Table 1. PLoS ONE 16(5): %PDF-1.5 % In adjusted analyses, the sociodemographic factors associated with hospitalization and/or disease severity included older age, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic race/ethnicity (compared to non-Hispanic White), and smoking. Clinical determinants of the severity of COVID-19: A systematic - PLOS Their mean age was 8.9 years, and their mean COHb level was 14.3% (range, 3.4%-30.1%). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD, dangerous incidents, and hazardous situations once a week. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10895. COVID-19 has become one of the worst infectious disease outbreaks of recent times, with over 2.1 million cases and 120,000 deaths so far. We believe the PAFs we calculated are meaningful for public health, because the risk of severe cases is likely to decrease in the wake of reduction in the prevalence of certain conditions. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. The complete literature-search process is displayed in Fig 1. Besides, the circulating concentration of ACE2 (a functional cellular receptor of SARS-CoV-2) is higher in males than females, which could increase the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 [61].